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<div class=Section1>
<h2 style='margin-top:7.5pt;background:white'><font size=6 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:26.5pt;letter-spacing:.25pt'>Wasting Syndrome<o:p></o:p></span></font></h2>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;
margin-left:0in;line-height:120%;background:white'><b style='mso-ansi-font-weight:
normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><font size=2 color="#0f243e"
face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:
"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E;font-weight:normal'>How much trash do
hospitals produce?<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><i><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";
color:#0F243E;font-style:italic'>By <span class=byline-twitter>Nina <span
class=SpellE>Shen</span> <span class=SpellE>Rastogi</span></span></span></font></i><font
size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:120%'><a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2271640/"><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><font size=2 color="#0f243e"
face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:
"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E;font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><img
border=0 width=252 height=353 id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:image002.jpg@01CB703F.870E1A10"
alt="Hospital waste. Click image to expand."></span></font></b></a><span
class=imagewrapper3><b><span style='font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><span class=imagewrapper3><b><font size=2 color="#0f243e"
face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:
"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E;font-weight:bold'>What happens to all
that hospital waste?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></font></b></span><strong><b><font
size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial;color:#0F243E'>Recently, my young son was hospitalized for several days,
and I couldn't help but notice the massive amount of goods that were thrown
away during the course of his care—disposable smocks, one-use saline
syringes, etc. The trash can in our room was emptied three or four times daily!
Just how much trash do hospitals produce?</span></font></b></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>Firm,
up-to-date numbers on hospital waste are hard to come by, but the short answer
seems to be: A lot. One widely cited statistic holds that the nation's
hospitals generate 6,600 tons of waste daily, but that figure comes from <a
href="http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/262/12/1635" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>a survey</span></font></a> that's more than 20 years old. Two million
tons a year (or about 5,500 tons a day) is another estimate that pops up
frequently. But that number dates back to at least the late 1990s, and the
Lantern couldn't track down its original source.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>To
ballpark a more recent figure, the Lantern turned to <a
href="http://www.practicegreenhealth.org/" target="_blank"><font color="#0f243e"><span
style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Practice
Greenhealth</span></font></a>, a network for eco-friendly health care
institutions. In a 2010 survey, 114 of the group's member hospitals reported
generating an average of 33.8 pounds of waste per day, per <a
href="http://www.ahrq.gov/research/havbed/definitions.htm" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>staffed bed</span></font></a>. According to the American Hospital
Association, there are <a
href="http://www.aha.org/aha/resource-center/Statistics-and-Studies/fast-facts.html"
target="_blank"><font color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:
none;text-underline:none'>951,045 staffed hospital beds</span></font></a> in
the country. That works out to about 5.9 million tons of garbage
annually—perhaps even more, considering that the hospitals surveyed
already recycle or otherwise divert at least 10 percent of their waste. (By
comparison, Americans produced <a
href="http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/msw99.htm" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>250 million tons of municipal solid waste</span></font></a>—what we
typically call "garbage"—in 2008.) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>The
discrepancy between this estimate and the older figures may reflect an actual
increase in waste generation, says Cecilia DeLoach Lynn, director of
sustainability education at Practice Greenhealth. But the difference could also
be due to the fact that hospitals have begun to track their waste more closely
in recent years.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>Since
the late 1990s, when the EPA and the American Hospital Association set a series
of <a href="http://www.h2e-online.org/docs/h2emou101501.pdf" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>pollution prevention goals</span></font></a> (PDF) for the industry,
hospitals have taken a variety of measures to send less trash to the landfill.
Basic recycling efforts are an obvious but potentially significant way to
reduce waste without affecting the quality of patient care. Paper and cardboard
might account for a full half of a hospital's solid waste, according to <a
href="http://www.hercenter.org/wastereduction/solidwaste.cfm" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>one older estimate</span></font></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>Other
hospitals are experimenting with <a
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/06/health/06waste.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&ref=health&pagewanted=all&adxnnlx=1285704231-5OFt0x3WTRykm9iifxM1fw"
target="_blank"><font color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:
none;text-underline:none'>reprocessing and reusing disposable devices</span></font></a>
and composting their <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2256339/"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>food waste</span></font></a>. Operating rooms have become <a
href="http://www.practicegreenhealth.org/educate/greening/greening-the-or/"
target="_blank"><font color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:
none;text-underline:none'>a special focus of waste minimization efforts</span></font></a>:
Anecdotal reports from the 1990s suggest that <a
href="http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/710513" target="_blank"><font
color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:
none'>20 to 30 percent</span></font></a> of a hospital's waste comes from ORs,
despite the fact that they take up a relatively tiny amount of floor space. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:120%;background:
white'><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:120%;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";color:#0F243E'>Hospitals
don't just produce a lot of garbage; they produce fantastically complicated
garbage. Besides all the paper, linens, and food waste they generate, they also
churn out <a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2236431/"><font color="#0f243e"><span
style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>unused and
expired pills</span></font></a>, <a href="http://cms.h2e-online.org/ee/rmw/"
target="_blank"><font color="#0f243e"><span style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:
none;text-underline:none'>infectious waste</span></font></a> (such as
blood-soaked bandages and tissues from surgery), hazardous lab chemicals, <a
href="http://www.slate.com/id/2239756/"><font color="#0f243e"><span
style='color:#0F243E;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>electronics</span></font></a>,
and a host of other materials that need to be carefully separated and treated
in order to minimize their impact on the planet. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#0F243E'>Article continues at: </span></font><font
size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#0F243E'><a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2270859/pagenum/all/">http://www.slate.com/id/2270859/pagenum/all/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#0f243e" face="Lucida Sans"><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Sans","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#0F243E'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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